Data Policy
GAW Data Policy
"For Scientific purposes, access to these data is unlimited and provided without charge.
By their use you accept that an offer of co-authorship will be made through personal contact with the data providers
or owners whenever substantial use is made of their data.
In all cases, an acknowledgement must be made to the data providers or owners and to the data centre when these data are used within a publication."
Version
2025-06-30-0331 (Last updated: 2025-07-29)File
This data set is submitted by NIWA.
In line with the GAW Data Policy, users should contact the contributors of all data of interest and propose co-authorship or acknowledgement.
Organization
| NO | 57 |
|---|---|
| Acronym | NIWA |
| Name | National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd. |
| Address 1 | NIWA - Wellington |
| Address 2 | Private Bag 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington, 6241 |
| Address 3 | 301 Evans Bay Parade, Hataitai, Wellington 6021 |
| Country/Territory | New Zealand |
| Website | http://www.niwa.co.nz |
Contact(s)
| Name | Sylvia Nichol |
|---|---|
| Prefix | |
| sylvia.nichol@niwa.co.nz | |
| Organization No | 57 |
| Organization acronym | NIWA |
| Organization name | National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd. |
| Organization country/territory | New Zealand |
| Address 1 | |
| Address 2 | |
| Address 3 | |
| Country/territory | New Zealand |
| Tel | |
| Fax | |
| Last updated date | 2025-07-18 |
| Background observation | |
| UTC+12:00 | |
| ppm | |
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1972-12-20 19:00:00 - 9999-12-31 23:59:59: WMO CO2 X2019 |
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1972-12-20 19:00:00 - 1976-12-31 23:59:59: URAS-1(NDIR) 1977-01-01 00:00:00 - 1986-08-15 23:59:59: URAS-2T(NDIR) 1986-08-16 00:00:00 - 2016-11-30 23:59:59: Siemens Ultramat(NDIR) 2016-12-01 00:00:00 - 2017-12-31 23:59:59: Picarro G2301/CFADS2132(CRDS) 2018-01-01 00:00:00 - 9999-12-31 23:59:59: Picarro G2401/CFADS2209(CRDS) |
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1972-12-20 00:00:00 - 9999-12-31 23:59:59: 10 (m) |
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| Unknown | |
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Eight calibration gases are used as long-term transfer standards providing a link for the observations to the WMO mole fraction scale; their CO2 mole fractions are determined by the WMO Central Calibration Laboratory. Another 4 calibration gases and the reference tank are used as short-term working standards and are prepared at Baring Head. See Brailsford et al., Atmos. Meas. Tech., 5, 3109–3117, 2012; www.atmos-meas-tech.net/5/3109/2012/ doi:10.5194/amt-5-3109-2012 for more details |
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[Hourly] [Daily] [Monthly] |
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Baseline conditions are defined as periods when the standard deviation of measured values from a single inlet line over a six hour interval is 0.1 ppm or less, allowing for data gaps with calibrations or other instrument down time of up to 2 hours. Multiples of these overlapping “intervals” of steady data are then combined to form steady “periods”, such that CO2 can slowly vary within a several day steady period as long as 6-hourly subintervals still satisfy the variability criteria. Steady periods represent 13 % of the complete record, occur an average of 36 times per year, and last an average of 17 hours each. |
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| Operational/Reporting | |
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Baseline event data are available from December 1972. Hourly and monthly data are available from March 1978. |
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Wind direction: 1 Wind speed: 1 Relative humidity: 0 Precipitation amount: 0 Air pressure: 0 Air temperature: 0 Dew point temperature: 0 Sea water temperature: 0 Sea surface water temperature: 0 Sea water salinity: 0 Sea surface water salinity: 0 |
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Meteorological data may remain as first provided, even when greenhouse gas data are updated. |
No DOI available
Related information
| Format | Text (WDCGG Data Format Table, WDCGG Meteorological Data Format Table), NetCDF | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relation List (Is Part Of) |
All CO2 data contributed to WDCGG by GAW stations and mobiles by 2024-09-24 All CO2 data contributed to WDCGG by GAW stations and mobiles by 2023-09-13 All CO2 data contributed to WDCGG by GAW stations and mobiles by 2022-09-07 All CO2 data contributed to WDCGG by GAW stations and mobiles by 2021-09-08 All CO2 data contributed to WDCGG by GAW stations and mobiles by 2020-09-28 All CO2 data contributed to WDCGG by GAW stations and mobiles by 2019-09-19 All CO2 data contributed to WDCGG by GAW stations and mobiles by 2018-10-25 |
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| Geolocation Point |
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GAW Data Policy
"For Scientific purposes, access to these data is unlimited and provided without charge.
By their use you accept that an offer of co-authorship will be made through personal contact with the data providers
or owners whenever substantial use is made of their data.
In all cases, an acknowledgement must be made to the data providers or owners and to the data centre when these data are used within a publication."
Citation format
This format is an example of the WDCGG standard citation.
Please follow the citation format which the data providers or owners indicate.
Please follow the citation format which the data providers or owners indicate.
Sylvia Nichol (NIWA),
Atmospheric CO2
at Baring Head by National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd.
,
dataset published as CO2_BHD5012_
surface-insitu_NIWA_data1 at WDCGG,
ver. 2025-06-30-0331 (Reference date*: YYYY/MM/DD)
* As the reference date, please indicate the date you downloaded the files.
* As the reference date, please indicate the date you downloaded the files.
Reference(s)
| 1 | Brailsford, G.; Stephens, B.B., Gomez, A.; Riedel, K.; Mikaloff Fletcher, S.E.; Nichol, S.; Manning, M.R., Long-term continuous atmospheric CO2 measurements at Baring Head, New Zealand, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 5, 3109-3117, doi:10.5194/amt-5-3109-2012, 2012. |
|---|---|
| 2 | Stephens, B.B., Brailsford, G.; Gomez, A.; Riedel, K.; Mikaloff Fletcher, S.E.; Nichol, S.; Manning, M.R., Analysis of a 39-year continuous atmospheric CO2 record from Baring Head, New Zealand, Biogeosciences, 10, 2683-2697,doi:10.5194/bg-10-2683-2013, 2013. |
