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CO2 _ BKT _ surface - insitu _ BMKG _ data1
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In line with the GAW Data Policy, users should contact the contributors of all data of interest and propose co-authorship or acknowledgement.


 Organization

NO 10
Acronym BMKG
Name Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics
Address 1
Address 2
Address 3 Jl. Angkasa I No.2 Kemayoran Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta 10720 P.O. Box 3540 Jkt
Country/Territory Indonesia
Website http://bmkg.go.id

 Contact(s)

Name Okaem, Tanti Tritama
Prefix Ms.
Email tantitritama@gmail.com
Organization No 10
Organization acronym BMKG
Organization name Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics
Organization country/territory Indonesia
Address 1
Address 2
Address 3 Jl. Raya Bukittinggi-Medan Km. 17 Palupuh, District Agam, West Sumatera, Indonesia PO BOX 11 Bukittinggi 26100
Country/territory Indonesia
Tel +62 752 7446089
Fax +62 752 7446449
Last updated date 2024-03-21


Name Nahas, Alberth Christian
Prefix Mr.
Email alberth.christian@bmkg.go.id
Organization No 10
Organization acronym BMKG
Organization name Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics
Organization country/territory Indonesia
Address 1
Address 2
Address 3 Jl. Raya Bukittinggi-Medan Km. 17 Palupuh, District Agam, West Sumatera, Indonesia PO BOX 11 Bukittinggi 26100
Country/territory Indonesia
Tel +62 752 7446089
Fax +62 752 7446449
Last updated date 2024-03-21


Name Reza Mahdi
Prefix
Email reza_elka@yahoo.com
Organization No 10
Organization acronym BMKG
Organization name Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics
Organization country/territory Indonesia
Address 1 Stasiun Pemantau Atmosfer Global Bukit Kototabang
Address 2 Jl Raya Bukittinggi-Medan Km 17 Palupuh
Address 3 26100, Bukittinggi
Country/territory Indonesia
Tel
Fax
Last updated date 2024-03-21


Name Arifin, Ikhsan Buyung
Prefix
Email ikhsanarifin07@gmail.com
Organization No 10
Organization acronym BMKG
Organization name Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics
Organization country/territory Indonesia
Address 1 Stasiun Pemantau Atmosfer Global Bukit Kototabang
Address 2 Jl Raya Bukittinggi-Medan Km 17 Palupuh
Address 3 26100, Bukittinggi
Country/territory Indonesia
Tel +62 752 7446089
Fax +62 752 7446449
Last updated date 2024-03-21


Name Martin Steinbacher
Prefix Dr.
Email martin.steinbacher@empa.ch
Organization No 23
Organization acronym Empa
Organization name Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
Organization country/territory Switzerland
Address 1 Ueberlandstrasse 129
Address 2 CH-8600 Duebendorf
Address 3 Switzerland
Country/territory Switzerland
Tel +41 58 765 4048
Fax
Last updated date 2024-04-15


NO 23
Acronym Empa
Name Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
 Background observation
 UTC+07:00
 ppm
 9999-12-31 00:00:00 - 9999-12-31 23:59:59: WMO CO2 X2007
 2009-01-01 00:00:00 - 2018-12-31 23:59:59: G1301 CO2/CH4/H2O analyzer from Picarro, Inc.(CRDS)
 2019-01-01 00:00:00 - 9999-12-31 23:59:59: G2401 CO2/CH4/CO/H2O analyzer from Picarro, Inc.(CRDS)
 9999-12-31 00:00:00 - 9999-12-31 23:59:59: 32 (m)
 2 seconds
 Calibrations are performed every 47 to 61 hours with three calibration gases.
From October 2010 until November 2011 three calibration gases prepared by the Central Calibration Laboratory (NOAA ESRL) were used for regular calibrations. Since November 2011, calibration gases prepared and compared with NOAA standard gases by the World Calibration Centre for Surface Ozone, Carbon Monoxide, Methane and Carbon Dioxide (WCC-Empa) are used. NOAA cylinders are still available on-site for recalibration of the WCC-Empa cylinders.

Calibrations are performed every 10 days with three calibration gases and checking 2 gases (working and target gas) every 2 days. From Feb 2019 until now three calibration gases and 2 gases (working gas dan target gas) prepared by the Central Calibration Laboratory (NOAA ESRL) were used for regular calibrations.
 Data are usually processed in regular intervals on a monthly basis. Data are humidity corrected accounting for the bias due to remaining water, data are split in different subsets (calibrations, ambient air measured at three different levels above ground), transition data after switching from one regime to another are flagged, and 1-min averages are calculated. All calibration results are pooled and a monthly mean calibration is applied to all data of this particular month.
 [Hourly] Hourly aggregates are calculated based on 1-min averages. ‘ND’ in the hourly data files refer to the number of available 1-min averages per hour.
 [Daily] The average data from 2009 to 2012 were calculated by WDCGG.
 [Monthly] The average data from 2009 to 2012 were calculated by WDCGG.
 
 Operational/Reporting
 Sampling from three different heights above ground (10m, 20m, 32m) is possible. From October 2009 until November 2011, all three sampling heights (10m, 20m, 32m above ground) were measured consecutively for 20min each. Since November 2011, more focus is given to the 32m level by running a 2-hour sequence with 80min sampling time from the 32m level followed by 20min from the 10m and 20m level, respectively.
Description of Instruments : CO2 and CH4 observations are performed with a commercially available instrument (Picarro Inc. G1301) based on the Wavelength-Scanned Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy technique coupled to a custom-built air sampling/calibration/drying unit. The sample air is dried prior to analysis by means of a Nafion dryer. Dry air mole fractions are determined by application of an empirical humidity correction to the dried gas data accounting for dilution and pressure broadening effects caused by the remaining water.
Scientific Aim : Studying the long-term evolution of greenhouse gas mole fractions in the tropics region.
Sampling Environment : The station is located in the middle of tropical rain forest. Thus, CO2 concentrations are partly driven by CO2 uptake and evaporation by the ample vegetation in the surroundings. The inlet 32m above ground is approximately 12 m above the canopy of the surrounding trees. Rice paddies are cultivated in the distant vicinity. The site is occasionally influenced by biomass burning in East Sumatra.
 Wind direction:
 Wind speed:
 Relative humidity:
 Precipitation amount:
 Air pressure:
 Air temperature:
 Dew point temperature:
 Sea water temperature:
 Sea surface water temperature:
 Sea water salinity:
 Sea surface water salinity:
Meteorological data may remain as first provided, even when greenhouse gas data are updated.
 
No DOI available

 Related information

Format Text (WDCGG Data Format Table, WDCGG Meteorological Data Format Table), NetCDF
Relation List (Is Part Of) All CO2 data contributed to WDCGG by GAW stations and mobiles by 2023-09-13
All CO2 data contributed to WDCGG by GAW stations and mobiles by 2022-09-07
All CO2 data contributed to WDCGG by GAW stations and mobiles by 2021-09-08
All CO2 data contributed to WDCGG by GAW stations and mobiles by 2020-09-28
All CO2 data contributed to WDCGG by GAW stations and mobiles by 2019-09-19
All CO2 data contributed to WDCGG by GAW stations and mobiles by 2018-10-25
Geolocation Point
Latitude (north: +; south: -) -0.2019443959
Longitude (east: +; west: -) 100.3180541992

 GAW Data Policy

"For Scientific purposes, access to these data is unlimited and provided without charge. By their use you accept that an offer of co-authorship will be made through personal contact with the data providers or owners whenever substantial use is made of their data. In all cases, an acknowledgement must be made to the data providers or owners and to the data centre when these data are used within a publication."

 Citation format

This format is an example of the WDCGG standard citation.
Please follow the citation format which the data providers or owners indicate.
Okaem, Tanti Tritama (BMKG), Nahas, Alberth Christian (BMKG), Reza Mahdi (BMKG), Arifin, Ikhsan Buyung (BMKG), Martin Steinbacher (Empa), Atmospheric CO2 at Bukit Kototabang by Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics , dataset published as CO2_BKT_ surface-insitu_BMKG_data1 at WDCGG, ver. 2024-03-21-0700 (Reference date*: YYYY/MM/DD)

* As the reference date, please indicate the date you downloaded the files.

 Reference(s)

1  Additional data from sampling heights 10m and 20m above ground are also available on demand; please contact the principal investigator.
2  http://gaw.empa.ch/gawsis
3  Nahas, A. C., Greenhouse Gases Monitoring Activities at Global GAW Station Bukit Kototabang, Indonesia, Asian GAW Greenhouse Gases Newsletter, 3, 12-14, 2012.
http://www.climate.go.kr/home/Eng/files/2012_Asian%20GAW%20Greenhouse%20Gases%20Newsletter%20Vol3.pdf
(The diurnal cycle shown in Figure 4 must be based on the Picarro data, even if it isn’t explicitly stated. The trends are based on the NOAA flasks)